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The Collie dog can make an excellent sporting dog and can be taught to do the work of the Pointer and the Setter, together with that of the Water Spaniel and the Retriever. He can be trained to perform the work of other breeds as well. He is clever at hunting, having an excellent nose, is a good vermin-killer, and a most loyal watch dog and companion.

Not much is known with certainty of the origin of the Collie, but his craftiness and his outward looks would seem to indicate a relationship with the wild dog. Buffon was of point of view that it was the true dog of nature, the stock and model for the whole canine species.

He thought the Sheepdog superior in instinct and intelligence to all other breeds, and that, with a character which other breeds do not share. It is the only animal that is born completely trained for the assistance of man.

At the shows this kind of dog is invariably at the top of the group. He is considered the most obedient, and is certainly one of the most lively. The second most popular breed of this type is the smooth-coated variety, which is a very hard-working, useful dog, well adapted for hill work and usually really fleet of foot.

He is not so sweet in temper as the black and white, and is slower to make friends. There is not a more elegant and physically good-looking dog to be seen than the show Collie of the present period. Bred from the old working animal, he is now practically a distinct breed.

The skull should be flat, fairly wide between the ears, and gradually narrowing towards the eyes. There should just be a small depression at the bottom. The width of skull necessarily depends upon the joint length of skull and muzzle; and the whole must be considered in connection with the size of the animal. The cheeks should not be full or outstanding.

The muzzle ought to be of a fair length, tapering to the nose, and should not show weakness. Whatever the colour of the animal, the nose must be black. The teeth should be of a good size, sound and level; very minor irregularity is permissible.

The mouth should be clean-cut and powerful. The eyes are a very essential feature, giving expression to the dog; they should be of medium size, set somewhat obliquely, of almond shape and brown colour apart from in the case of merles, when the eyes are frequently (one or both) blue and white or china; expressing high intelligence, with a bright, alert look when they are listening.

The ears should be and moderately wide at the base, located not too close together but on the top of the skull and not on the side of the head. When in repose they should be carried thrown back, but when on the alert brought forward and carried semi-erect, with tips somewhat drooping in the attitude of listening.

The neck should be brawny, powerful, of fair length, and a little arched. The body should be strong, with well sprung ribs, deep chest, fairly broad behind the shoulders, which should be sloping, loins very sturdy..

The fore legs should be straight and muscular, leaning neither in nor out at the elbows, with a fair amount of bone; the forearm rather fleshy, the pasterns showing suppleness without frailty. The hind-legs should be muscular at the thighs, clean and sinewy below the hocks, with well-bent stifles. The feet should be elliptical in shape, soles well padded, and the toes vaulted and close together.

Its general character is to be a lissom, lively dog, his deep chest showing lung power, his neck strength, his sloping shoulders and well bent hocks representing speed, and his expression of high intelligence. It should be a fair length in the leg, giving him more of a racy than a plodding appearance.

In a few words, a Collie should show endurance, activity, and intelligence, with free and deliberate actions. In height dogs should be 22 ins. to 24 ins. at the shoulders, bitches 20 ins. to 22 ins. The weight for dogs is 45 to 65 lbs., bitches 40 to 55 lbs. The smooth collie only differs from the rough in its coat, which ought to be hard, thick and quite smooth.

Owen Jones, the writer of this piece, writes on a number of subjects, but is currently involved with the canine distemper vaccination. If you want to kcurrently more, please visit our website at Distemper Vaccines

Each dog likes getting a tasty tidbit as a treat and each dog-owner likes to give them. But do you know whether the dog treats that you are giving are healthy or dangerous for your pet, because there are both kinds on the market. In fact, there are hundreds of types of dog treats of all sizes, shapes and colours.

No matter what you feed your dog, it is worth checking whether he has eaten it all and if not why not. There could be several causes, but each dog owner ought to know how much their dog usually eats and what he particularly likes. Not eating normally is frequently a sign that your dog is ill or about to be ill. Some foods can cause this symptom though as well.

Treats that are made to scrub your dog's teeth often come in the shape of a bone, not that that is significant to the dog, He knows it is not a bone certain enough. But most dogs do like them. A difficult can happen if your dog has powerful jaws and attempts to consume big chunks in one go.

These substantial, slightly soggy chunks can get wedged in the throat or intestines causing blockages. Often these blockages will dissolve away over a few hours, but if they are causing breathing worries or discomfort, you may need to take your dog to a vet.

Rawhide chews also fall into this category although they come with problems of their own as well. Rawhide chews are good for scraping plaque and tartar off your dog's teeth that would otherwise lead to bacteria, bad teeth and foul breath, but they can also become lodged in the animal's throat or intestines, so attempt to purchase treats that your dog cannot swallow but has to chew on.

Rawhide is an animal by-product, so it has to be preserved to prevent it going rancid. Attempt to find out what that preservative is and find out whether it is perilous or not. It has been reported that some countries have been using arsenic to conserve their chews, this is obviously not a good idea and is one of the most dangerous dog treats.

Chocolate is lethal to dogs. Not many adults and very few children are aware of this, because you often see people giving their dog a square of chocolate. The reason these dogs do not die a terrible death is that most of the chocolate that we can buy these days does not contain much chocolate. It is chocolate-flavoured paste. Look on the list of ingredients on the wrapper of your next bar of chocolate to see what I am saying.

However, different countries have different regulations concerning what can be called chocolate. The European Union is fairly good, America not so decent and Thailand is atrocious. Usually, bakers' chocolate is the most powerful, which makes a chocolate covered chocolate cake the most dangerous for dogs - just the sort of thing they can steal from the picnic blanket.

Sickness, uneven heartbeat, 'craziness', hyperactivity, a visit to the vets for a stomach pump or death are usually the result.

Dogs love bones and they are good for them too (which makes you ask yourself why so many dog chews are purchased). However, not all bones are good for dogs. Cats grind everything up small, which is why they can be safely given fish, chicken and turkey bones. But dogs tend to wolf items down, so never give these bones to your dog.

Fish bones are fine and sharp and can stick in the throat or gut as with humans needing surgery, but chicken and turkey bones splinter into these fine slithers too when crunched. Do not give them to a dog as a treat.

Owen Jones, the writer of this piece, writes on a number of topics, but is now concerned with the canine distemper vaccination. If you want to know more, please visit our website at Distemper Vaccines

If you are looking for a canine companion, you ought to put the Jack Russell terrier on your shortlist. Some of the best traits about the Jack Russell terrier is that they are small, inexpensive to feed, active, short-haired and intelligent. The Jack Russell terrier is a ideal dog for an older person, or someone living in an apartment.

The first Jack Russells were bred by a young theology student named John Russell studying at Oxford University in the early 19th. Century. It is said that John Russell liked the look of his milkman's dog and used it for breeding. The dog, a bitch named Trump was white and had areas of brown coloured hair on its eyes and ears.

Terriers are small, dynamic dogs.The name 'terrier' comes from the Latin word 'terra' meaning 'earth', because terriers love to dig and go to ground whilst hunting. Terriers have been used to hunt all types of small animals such as rats, moles, badgers, foxes and rabbits. The Jack Russell descends from fox terriers.

Jack Russell terriers love to run and dig, so they will encourage their owners to go for regular walks and they have a very persuasive personality. The word 'dogged' could have been taken from them - they simply do not give up!

Because of all their digging and rooting around, they can pretty muddy which means bathing and grooming, although being short-haired animals, this is not a problematic job.

Nowadays, hunting with animals is banned in numerous countries, but this dog's nature is still to hunt. They are particularly good ratters and can clean up an infestation of rats in no time. They are therefore also good dogs to keep on a farm or large garden where rodents could become a problem.

Terriers also make very good guard dogs. They will protect your property in the garden or in your home. They are very territorial and, although they will not usually molest or bite strangers, they will certainly let you know that there is a stranger about.

Having said that, it is a wise thing to train your dog. If you are not sure how to do this or what to teach it, go to dog training groups or buy a book. Jack Russell terriers are very intelligent and love dealings with their masters, so they learn quickly and readily if you start them young enough, because they are also fairly strong-willed dogs.

I have heard stories of Jack Russell terriers allowing strangers into a property but not allowing them to leave without being told to. This seems like a great way of catching burglars.

These dogs make good family pets, but they do not always get on with other dogs that they are not living with. This can lead to fights and injuries.

Aside from injuries in fights, Jack Russells enjoy pretty decent health. They are not subject to any major illnesses like some other breeds are. They also live a long time frequently reaching 13 and fifteen with some Jack Russell terriers reaching 18, 19 and even 20 years of age.

Owen Jones, the author of this piece, writes on a variety of topics, but is currently involved with the canine distemper vaccination. If you want to kcurrently more, please visit our website at Distemper Vaccines

There was a time when few people even considered getting insurance for their pets. However, today, there have been many new advancements in medical technology, resulting in many more available treatments. Many pet owners these days consider their pets full fledged members of their families. For these who would do anything and everything to ensure their pets health, pet insurance is key to saving as much as possible. If a family has limited financial resources, the existence of a pet insurance policy can literally mean the difference between getting treatment or losing the pet.

Veterinary science has advanced considerably in the past few years. Many of the treatments are are available for humans have now been implemented into pet care. There are now many advanced treatments available for pets, including blood transfusions, medication for depression, radiation therapy and organ transplants.

Not only are more extensive treatments available, but the the tests involved with diagnosis have become more advanced as well. While these measures do now catch potential problems and illnesses that would have before gone unnoticed, it also means that exam costs and the number of treatment procedures is going to increase drastically.

Because of this increased cost in pet care, individuals are enjoying having their pets for longer, healthier lives. The additional cost, however, can become a burden. Just like with human health care, when potential costs are unmanageable, we turn to insurance. Because so many people are interested in buying health insurance for their pets, some employers are starting to offer it to their employees.

Most pet insurance policies have deductibles and co pays just like human health insurance. You may also have to provide your pet's health history before you can get a pet insurance policy. If your pet has certain disabilities or illnesses, they may not be eligible for care with most insurers.

The price of pet insurance will increase as your pet ages, simply because older pets tend to need more medical care. Most will not offer coverage for pets older that nine, and those that do are charge very steep additional fees. If your pet has a lot of health problems, you may wish to weigh out whether or not you should get coverage. In most cases, you would actually end up spending much more without the coverage.

When you choose to adopt a pet into your family, you are committing to taking care of him or her for their whole life. Veterinary care is easily the biggest expense you will face with your pet.

These days you can get insurance for just about anything that might involve sudden unexpected costs. Pet insurance is used to cover your pets medical needs to help you save money on this necessary expense. Once you have a policy in place you'll be able to afford whatever tests and treatments your vet recommends. When deciding what treatment options to pursue for your pet, the fear that you can't afford it won't be a factor. In the event of an unforeseen illness or injury, you won't suddenly have to come up with a lot of money that you don't have. Some insurers will even offer theft coverage for a loved animal, meaning that if your animals is stolen, as much as you hope this will not happen, you can get paid for it.

In order to get the best price, you'll want to do a pet insurance comparison. Then you can save money and keep the family pets safe at the same time.

Vegetarians are fond of animals as well - they simply do not eat them. Or perhaps that is why they do not eat them. Whatever! There is a question that bothers some vegetarians that own pets, and it is: do I have to feed them meat or can I provide vegetarian diets for my cat and dog. It is well worth thinking about this dilemma before buying a usually carnivorous pet.

Domestic carnivores such as cats and dogs are omnivores, which means that they will eat pretty much anything If a domestic animal goes ferule (wild) it will revert to its primitive kind, which means that it will hunt and forage.

Cats and dogs will eat grains and grasses but they prefer them semi-digested, which is why, after they make a kill, they usually tear the stomach open first and eat that and the internal organs. The meat comes last on the list.

You can see by looking at the animals' teeth that they have fangs for killing and gripping (for tearing) and molars for grinding and crushing. The grinding and crushing refers to grains and bones.

This means that you may be able to sustain your pets on a vegetarian diet, |but it probably will not be simple. There has been a lot of investigation into the dietary needs of human beings and so someone on a diet, measures what he consumes against what his body needs and takes supplements to match the shortfall.

However do you know precisely what your pets' requirements are and how you can supply them? If you do not, where will you find out? I am certain you can with quite a lot of study, yet do you have that level of commitment? And do you think that your pet would thank you for making it a vegetarian? It may even turn your pet into a rapacious killer to make up the deficit or fulfill its craving for meat.

Cats and dogs need a high percentage of protein, so do you think that you will be able to sneak enough nuts and tofu into its diet to supply enough? You might find your pets chasing every bird in your garden trying to catch some meat, instead of watching them lazily from under your seat.

All in all, a vegetarian diet is not a good idea for domestic animals such as cats and dogs, and if you have trouble opening the cans or giving it raw meat, perhaps you could get someone else in the family who is a little less delicate to feed the animals or you could feed them meat less often, say only when you take them to your friend's or mother's house, then you can let them do it for you.

The other approach is to have rabbits or gerbils and tropical fish. Cats are not functional animals as dogs are in the sense that a dog will deter burglars but if you are only thinking of pets as stress-reducers or a manner of introducing your kids to the animal world, a rabbit will do that just well.

Owen Jones, the writer of this article writes on several topics, and is currently involved with quick vegetarian recipes. If you want to know more or check out some great offers, please go to our website at Vegetarian Sandwich Recipes.

Owen Jones, the author of this article writes on many subjects, but is currently concerned with vegetarian recipes for kids. If you want to know more or check out some special offers, please go to our website at Vegetarian Sandwich Recipes.

If your pet is likely to venture a long way from home then you should think about putting an identity tag on it. The ID tag can be as basic as you like, but the most modern technique is to use 'radio frequency identification' or an RFID tag.

If you have a very young cat of dog, there is perhaps no need to tag it yet, but as the animal gets older, ID tags can become critical. If your pet gets lost, anyone finding it can then return it. If you have a cat or a dog, then a simple collar could be sufficient.

Some collars have a metal tag affixed to them so that you can have your contact details or phone number etched on it, others have a ring, so that you can affix a small canister with your details inside it. Some just write their address on the inside of the collar with a felt tipped pen or a marker pen. This is more risky though because you may not notice if it rubs off.

It is necessary to think about water damage if you are ID tagging a dog. Cats try to stay out of water, rain and snow, but most dogs love playing in it. If your dog's tag is not waterproof, it will soon become impossible to read. On the other hand, cats often lose their collars.

If your pet is a horse, then it is simpler to have it branded and the brand indexed, so that anyone finding your lost horse can reference the brand and discover your contact details. If your pet is a tortoise, then you can write your phone number around the edge of its shell in a non-toxic fluid like nail varnish, but keep it small or you could poison the animal. Birds can have leg bands fitted. These leg bands have a unique number which can be referenced like a brand.

These are the conventional ways of ID tagging your pets, but the most modern method is to RFID tags them. These RFID tags can be affixed in several different ways. The simplest way is to have a plastic passive RFID tag made up and hang it from your pet's collar. This works well, until your pet loses its collar or unless someone removes it in order to steal your pet.

Another technique of attaching an RFID tag, is to have your details imprinted on a chip and have the chip installed under your pet's skin by a vet. Some people are disgusted by this idea others do not mind. However, it does not hurt, is not unpleasant and cannot be mislaid.

When the police or the pound officials are passed a stray, they scan it for a chip as part of their routine these days. Even people have them inserted so that they can move across international borders more rapidly.

The RFID tag is read by a scanner and can be read from distances of several feet to several hundred yards, which makes finding a lost pet a much simpler task if it has an RFID tag fitted.

Owen Jones, the writer of this article writes on quite a few topics, but is currently involved with researching What to do if your dog eats chocolate. If you would like to know more, please go to our website at http://whattodoifyourdogeatschocolate.com.

The requirement of healthy food seems to apply equally to humans and their pets, because many pet owners would rather buy organic foods to feed man's best friend. One could be forgiven for being surprised at the large amount of organic dog food available on the market. Just as for humans, there are a lot of pet health issues that one could cure or even prevent in the first place by the use of organic pet food.

For instance, organic dog food could reduce the risk of the dog developing skin diseases and allergies. The reason for the positive health impact is the absence of additives, chemicals, colourants and pesticides. Instead the ingredients in organic dog food are only grain extracts and high quality proteins. Organic dog food provides more nourishment, which is obvious from the higher levels of energy and the weight of the dog.

Regular dog food often causes diabetes and excess weight with all the concomitant problems that accompany these illnesses: back ailment, organ failure and decreased mobility. How can organic dog food help here? Well, organic food items for pets do not contain bulk fillers, they are nutrient-packed products that create energy not fat deposits. Moreover, it is best and a lot easier to prevent health issues than to try to cure them afterwards.

Good digestion and a stronger immunity system are the other main benefits that come with the feeding of organic dog food. Because of the absence of chemicals normally present in ordinary pet food, your dog will no longer vomit or experience wind or diarrhea. A healthier metabolism is what you will achieve with a healthy diet. Furthermore, the quality of the nutritional substances in organic dog food, boosts the immunity functions, thereby reducing the risks of infection and all sorts of specific diseases that affect dogs on a routine basis.

Many veterinarian experts claim that organic dog food significantly increases the life span of any animal, not to mention the fact that it will go through old age a lot better. It is quite common that pet owners who choose organic dog food, are also interested in applying the same health rules to their own diet, sticking to clean natural products that boost bodily functions and avoid toxins and disease.

Ask your local dog food provider about organic dog food and if there is none available at your local shop, try to order it online. There are many web pages that sell such products at pretty fair prices.

One last tip, be very wary of dried dog food, no matter what it says on the packet. I used to have a dog that stayed at home alone during the day, while I went to work. I didn't like to leave 'wet' food, because of flies, bacteria and vermin, so I bought dry food, which would not deteriorate during the day. However, within six years she had diabetes, which meant that I had to inject her with insulin every morning. The veterinary said that it was very common for dogs fed only on biscuits to get diabetes, so check with your vet first or feed organic wet food.

If you liked reading this article on organic dog food and you would like to read more about dogs in general or dog training, please visit our website at Dog Training

Have you ever thought about running a wedding car business? Although it can be demanding, because you do not want to let anybody down on their big day, it is also fascinating and exciting.

Some of the advantages are that you get to own good-looking cars - maybe a Rolls Royce or a Bentley and they are tax-deductible; you meet new people under happy circumstances and you are in the position to help them have a wonderful wedding day.

It is a very demanding industry, because you always have to bear in mind the desires of your clients and think about how you can realize and expand their' wishes. That is difficult enough, but you also have to stay competitive. I hope that the following tips will be helpful.

1] Take care of the conditions under which you keep your vehicles. If you can afford to garage them, they will not collect dust and bird droppings so the paintwork will look better for longer. Do not have a gravel drive, because of possible scratching to the coachwork of the cars.

2] Get one or two really nice vehicles. You will need to do a bit of research to find out what couples in your area like, but as a rule of thumb a Rolls Royce or a Bentley are sure bets. Or maybe a stretch limousine. Old cars go down well too. Build up your fleet of vehicles step by step but increasingly. Offer your clients as much choice as you can reasonably afford to do.

Many wedding couples will not only require the wedding car, but also vehicles for the guests. Many of them want limousines or old cars for their wedding day. But a lot of other vehicles are required for the guests. Be adaptable and consent to bedeck the vehicles according to the couple's wishes with flowers and ribbons.

2] Hire good, compassionate personnel. A fully trained chauffeur is a necessity, but a military style chauffeur can add to your firm's image.

3] It is a good idea to offer different packages or elements that a couple can use to build a package. So, you could offer transportation from the bride's house to the church as one element. From the church to the restaurant as another element and from there to the chosen hotel, the airport or the railway station, as another element.

4] Make certain that your clients know precisely how long they have sole use of the cars for. This is useful for them, so that they know precisely how long they have to take photos, eat or chat.

Transport plays a huge and vital part in any wedding day celebrations. In fact, poorly timed or scruffy transportation can ruin a wedding day. If you let that happen, your firm's standing will suffer badly, particularly in a town or village. You will need a high sense of responsibility; reliable, well-trained, sensitive staff and high quality cars that look the part. White wedding cars are popular, but other colours are acceptable, especially for the guests.

If you are interested in a Welsh gold wedding ring, or Wales in general, go to our web site at Welsh Products Online

Heart worm, fleas and other parasites in dogs need to be destroyed by using the appropriate medication on them. Many products have come onto the market to protect dogs from heart worms, fleas and other parasites like hook worms, whip worms, round worms, lice, ticks etc.

Out of the heart worms, fleas and other parasites, fleas can produce a hyper-sensitive over-reaction in the infected dog. Animals infested with fleas scratch their skin very vigorously. Frequently the scratching becomes so severe that the skin becomes hyper-sensitive and dermatitis occurs in the affected patches of skin.

The result is often that your dog can not lie down for long or sleep comfortably due to the constant bites by the fleas. Therefore, your dog looks as if has some severe skin issues. If the your dog is not properly attended to for these flea bites, there will often be secondary bacterial invasions in these sites and there may even be a rotten smell coming from the animal's affected skin.

You need to observe your dog closely in order prevent a serious infestation. It is essential to prevent such an outbreak as they are extremely distressing to dogs. Similarly, the skin of the animal needs to be checked regularly for the presence of ticks and lice. In order to do this properly, you need to look at the dog's skin by separating the dog's hairs. The easiest way to achieve this is by slowly back-combing or ruffling the dog's hair.

Usually, if your dog is anaemic, and it is not he result of being plagued by too many fleas, you need to rule out hookworm. Symptoms of hookworm are usually anaemia, loose stools and a pot belly. The dog's owner may recognize these symptoms by themselves, however, speaking honestly, the dog needs to have a routine health check at the vet's, which involves both faecal and hematological examinations.

There are many commercial products available on the market, some of which are effective for dealing with all these conditions in a single dose. Drugs like ivermectin are highly efficacious and are available in injection, oral and solution forms. The latter should be applied directly on the dog's skin. These drugs can induce the prevention of these conditions too.

So, the best policy to adopt is to keep a keen watch on your dog. This could very easily be carried out at bath time and when you are brushing him. You can use an anti-flea and anti-tick shampoo, which will keep these pests at bay, if used as stated on the bottle. Couple this with regular grooming with a lice comb and the use of a flea collar should keep your pet flea, lice, and tick free.

If you are having problems dog flea treatment on your dog, please follow the previous link, however if you just want to read more about dogs, please go here: Man's Best Friend - the Dog

Keeping the attention of a dog while training is not always easy. Dogs can be easily distracted, and it is important to not allow the dog training sessions to be sabotaged by boredom. Making dog training fun for the dog and the human alike is vital to creating a happy, well adjusted and well trained dog.

Providing random positive stimuli during the day is a great way to keep the interest of the dog. Doing things the dog enjoys, like walking in the park, riding in the car, and playing with other dogs, are great ways to keep the dog's attention, but you must reward him for small successes.

For instance, in order to reward the dog for coming to you when you call him, ask the dog to come to you, without giving any clues about a walk, a car ride, or other treats.

After the dog has come to you and obediently sat down, attach the leash and start the treat. This can be either the afore-mentioned walk in the park, ride in the car, or anything else the dog likes to do.

Providing some sort of reward, whether a treat, a special outing, or just a scratch behind the ears, every time the dog does something you want, is a good method to maintain your dog's motivation while you are dog training.

If your dog knows something good is going to happen every time he obeys your command, he will be motivated to please you every time.

Distraction training.

When training any dog, it is vital to not let distractions disrupt the training. The dog must be trained to ignore distractions, such as other people, other dogs, other animals and loud noises, and focus on what is being taught These kinds of distractions can even be used as rewards when training your dog to come when called.

For instance, if your dog enjoys playing with other dogs, whether in the local park or with the neighbour's dogs, let him play freely with those other dogs. Then go into the park or garden and call your dog.

When he comes to you, provide lots of praise, treats and other rewards, then immediately allow the dog to return to playing with his pals. Repeat this several times and praise the dog each time he comes to you.

The dog will soon learn that coming to you means good things (treats and praise) and not bad ones (being removed from the park).

So-called distraction training is one of the most difficult things to teach, because dogs are naturally social animals, and breaking away from the pack is one of the hardest things you can ask your dog to do. Most dogs will be understandably reluctant to leave their canine companions, but it is important to persist in dog training.

Training the dog to come to you when you call may take some creativity on your behalf at first. For example, waving one of his favourite toys, or a lure, is a great way to get your dog's attention and put the focus back on you. If your dog has been clicker trained, a quick click can be a good motivator as well in dog training.

Once the dog begins to become used to coming when called, you can begin to reduce and then stop the visual cues and focus on getting the dog to obey your voice alone. It is vital that the dog obeys voice commands alone, since you will not always have a toy or other lure to hand.

Does your dog need training? If you need more information on dog training, then go over to our website called Successful Dog Training